The Castle of Będzin was an important fortification in the Kingdom of Poland and later, the Polish-Lithunian Commonwealth. The castle became the site of a museum, Zagłębie Museum in 1956. The museum has several collections: the first one is about armament, from medieval to World War II times; second one is dedicated to the history of the Będzin Castle; third one is about castles of the other nearby castles built by Casimir III the Great and last one is about military history of Będzin region.

Until World War II, Będzin had a strong Jewish Comunity. According to the Russian census of 1897, there were 10,800 Jews (around 51% percent) out of total population of 21,200 inhabitants. You can still find a Jews restaurants and cafes in Będzin that still keep alive the spirit of 100 years ago.

Village of Będzin was mentioned for the first time in 1301. Around 1340 the village became a town, thanks to King Casimir III who built a stronghold there. Będzin became a city after the industrial revolution. In the late 18th century rich deposits of coal were found in the area.